RESUMO
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased in the recent decades, along with the number of patients in the terminal stages of this disease, requiring transplantation. Some skin disorders are more frequent in patients with CKD and in renal transplant recipients (RTR). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency of skin diseases in RTR and patients with CKD receiving conservative treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING: This observational cross-sectional study recruited consecutive patients with CKD and RTR from a nephrology clinic at a teaching hospital in Brazil between 2015 and 2020. METHODS: Quantitative, descriptive, and analytical approaches were used. The sample was selected based on convenience sampling. Data were collected from dermatological visits and participants' medical records. RESULTS: Overall, 308 participants were included: 206 RTR (66.9%, median age: 48 years, interquartile range [IQR] 38.0-56.0, 63.6% men) and 102 patients with CKD (33.1%, median age: 61.0 years, IQR 50.0-71.2, 48% men). The frequency of infectious skin diseases (39.3% vs. 21.6% P = 0.002) were higher in RTR than in patients with CKD. Neoplastic skin lesions were present in nine (4.4%) RTR and in only one (1.0%) patient with CKD. Among the RTR, the ratio of basal cell carcinoma to squamous cell carcinoma was 2:1. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that an increased frequency of infectious skin diseases may be expected in patients who have undergone kidney transplantation. Among skin cancers, BCC is more frequently observed in RTR, especially in those using azathioprine.
RESUMO
Trata-se de criança de oito anos, portadora de atrofia na hemiface direita, desde os seis anos. A ressonância magnética do encéfalo evidenciou espessamento cortical e formação de cistos. A hemiatrofia facial progressiva, ou síndrome de Parry-Romberg, mais freqüente nas duas primeiras décadas de vida, caracteriza-se por atrofia unilateral da face, acometendo área inervada por um ou mais ramos do trigêmeo. A relação dessa síndrome com a esclerodermia localizada é discutida.
The authors report a case of an 8-year-old child with facial hemiatrophy since the age of 6. A resonance imaging showed areas of white matter hyperintensity and cysts. Progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg syndrome) usually develops during the first or second decade of life. It is characterized by unilateral facial atrophy affecting dermatomes of one or multiple branches of the trigeminal nerve. The relationship between progressive facial hemiatrophy and scleroderma is discussed.